Planning and Analyzing Teaching: Using the Variation Theory of Learning (Wals-Routledge Lesson Study)

About the Author

Angelika Kullberg is a Professor in mathematics education at University of Gothenburg. She has 20 years of experience of using the Variation theory of learning and of conducting collaborative research together with teachers. She has been a council member of the World Association of Lesson Studies for many years and is since 2022 vice president.Åke Ingerman is a Professor in science and technology education at the University of Gothenburg. He is committed to research on the relationships between teaching and learning in classrooms, and has employed variation theory and phenomenography in such studies for more than two decades.Ference Marton is a Professor Emeritus at University of Gothenburg and a founding member of the World Association of Lesson Studies. He is an honorary doctor at the University of Edinburgh, University of Helsinki, and The Hong Kong Institute of Education. He is the author of the book Necessary Conditions of Learning published in 2015.